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新一期英國《自然－免疫學》雜志刊登報告說，維生素D不僅是身體生長發育所必需的，在免疫方面也發揮著重要作用，它是免疫細胞T細胞對異物發動攻擊的“司令員”。
丹麥哥本哈根大學研究人員報告說，免疫系統中的T細胞具有識別并攻擊細菌和病毒等異物的功能，但它平時并不處于“戰斗狀態”，需要得到一個“攻擊信號”才能完成從不活躍狀態到活躍狀態的轉換。維生素D就在這個過程中扮演了“司令員”的角色。這次的研究發現，如果沒有維生素D，T細胞就算探測到異物也不會采取行動，依然處于不活躍狀態。
研究人員說，這一發現說明，可以通過調節體內維生素D含量來控制免疫反應。比如，免疫功能弱的人可以通過補充維生素D來增強抗病能力；而在進行器官移植等手術后，則可以通過減少體內維生素D含量，來減少排異反應。
維生素D存在于魚類、雞蛋等天然食物中，多曬太陽也有助于人體合成維生素D。維生素D通過調節體內鈣、磷等元素的代謝來維持骨骼、牙齒的正常生長發育。
勁馬生物推薦原始出處：
Nature Immunology 7 March 2010 | doi:10.1038/ni.1851
Vitamin D controls T cell antigen receptor signaling and activation of human T cells
Marina Rode von Essen1, Martin Kongsbak1, Peter Schjerling2,4, Klaus Olgaard5, Niels ?dum1,3 & Carsten Geisler1
Phospholipase C （PLC） isozymes are key signaling proteins downstream of many extracellular stimuli. Here we show that naive human T cells had very low expression of PLC-γ1 and that this correlated with low T cell antigen receptor （TCR） responsiveness in naive T cells. However, TCR triggering led to an upregulation of ~75-fold in PLC-γ1 expression, which correlated with greater TCR responsiveness. Induction of PLC-γ1 was dependent on vitamin D and expression of the vitamin D receptor （VDR）. Naive T cells did not express VDR, but VDR expression was induced by TCR signaling via the alternative mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 pathway. Thus, initial TCR signaling via p38 leads to successive induction of VDR and PLC-γ1, which are required for subsequent classical TCR signaling and T cell activation.
1 Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
2 Center for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
3 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
4 Institute of Sports Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Rigshospitalet and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
5 Department of Nephrology, Rigshospitalet and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
